Health Promotion Is A Discipline And A Practice Essay

Olivia Bray 1383124 Individual Written Essay MÄ ori Health Promotion 527872 29/08/14 Word Count: 1979 In New Zealand, Health Promotion is a discipline and a practice. Generic health promotion encompassing all cultures focuses on empowering individuals and communities to find a balanced life and a sense of wellbeing by taking control of their own health and by taking action in the community to promote and improve healthy lifestyles (Health Promotion Forum of New Zealand, 2014). MÄ ori Health Promotion shares the same defining characteristics as health promotion however the underlying rationale of MÄ ori health promotion is influenced specifically by MÄ ori values and perspectives (Ratima, 2001). MÄ ori health promotion is an important topic to discuss due to the inequalities in health between MÄ ori and non-MÄ ori. This essay will examine historical issues and legislation that relate to both MÄ ori health gain and decline, along with an in-depth analysis of the role and relevance of the Treaty of Waitangi, in relation to MÄ ori Health Promotion, and lastly a discussion about current MÄ ori Health Promotion theory, and its importance on MÄ ori development. Treaty of Waitangi In New Zealand, both MÄ ori and non- MÄ ori signed the Treaty of Waitangi on February 6, 1840. The Treaty was an agreement between the British Crown and MÄ ori Rangatira Chiefs. It has often been referred to as the country’s founding document as it brought MÄ ori and non- MÄ ori to an agreement about land, health, andShow MoreRelatedHealth Promotion1025 Words   |  5 PagesLevels of Health Promotion Health promotion is essential in keeping society and individuals healthy. Health promotion empowers communities and individuals for healthy living through education. The primary goal of health promotion is prevention. Nurses are key in health promotion and will be seen in diverse settings as health promotion evolves the nursing profession. There are three levels to health promotion that are utilized to optimize health. Definition of Health Promotion The World OrganizationRead MoreHealth Promotion1008 Words   |  5 PagesLevels of Health Promotion Health promotion is essential in keeping society and individuals healthy. Health promotion empowers communities and individuals for healthy living through education. The primary goal of health promotion is prevention. Nurses are key in health promotion and will be seen in diverse settings as health promotion evolves the nursing profession. There are three levels to health promotion that are utilized to optimize health. Definition of Health Promotion The World OrganizationRead MoreThe Registered Nurse Safe Staffing Act System Essay1457 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Every academic discipline in any profession is governed by its rules and policies developed and prone to amendment from time to time after viewing or arises of an issue. Nursing as a profession practice and an academic discipline is however not an exemption to this (Lasater et al., 2015). The nursing practice has different policies governing the procedures, and that promotes health and wellbeing of the patients as well as creating a conducive environment for nurses and the people theyRead MoreVision for the Future of Nursing: Interdisciplinary Collaboration across the Healthcare Sector1560 Words   |  6 Pagescontinue to advance in order to meet the ever changing health care needs and demands. The need to meet the ever changing demands and health needs of the current population is based on the standards of evidence-based practice. Interdisciplinary Collaboration: In order for changes to occur in the future of nursing requires interdisciplinary collaboration across the health care sector. While there is need for cooperation from all health-related disciplines, nurses can act as change agents. The ability ofRead MoreNola Pender s Health Promotion Model888 Words   |  4 PagesNola Pender’s health promotion model is an organizing structure that establishes how nurses and patients can work together to aid individuals in achieving optimal health outcomes through health promotion engagement. The model of health promotion is multifaceted in the nature that it is applicable across the lifespan in various settings and situations and has also been revised to mirror more effective outcomes of patient well-being. The model’s development was based primarily on Pender’s life experiencesRead MoreHealth Promotion At Current Job1132 Words   |  5 Pages4. HEALTH PROMOTION Definition: Is the process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health. Significance of Health promotion †¢ Health promotion improves the health status of individual, families, communities, states and the nation. †¢ Health promotion reduces premature death. †¢ It enhances the quality of life for all people. Implementational Activities in health Promotion †¢ Access individual and community needs †¢ Plan health educational programs †¢ Develop health educationRead MoreBenefits Of Having A Master s Public Health880 Words   |  4 PagesHaving a Master’s in Public Health (MPH) with a concentration in Health Promotion and Policy has the potential to enable me achieve my personal and professional development goals in the area of delivering health improvement outcomes in Nigeria, a country that is in dire need for innovative healthcare solutions for its rising population Healthcare in developing countries in the 21st century is a far cry from healthcare in the developed world, where investments in medical research and facility infrastructuresRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Nursing949 Words   |  4 Pagesnursing, as discipline, had much more responsibility. According to the International Council of Nurses, â€Å"Nursing encompasses autonomous and collaborative care of individuals of all ages, families, groups and communities, sick or well and in all settings. Nursing includes the promotion of health, prevention of illness, and the care of ill, disabled and dying people. Advocacy, promotion of a safe environment, research, participation in shaping health policy and in patient and health systems managementRead MorePersonal Ethics856 Words   |  4 PagesPersonal Ethics Melissa Sawyer Grand Canyon University May 5th, 2013 NRS 437 Ethical Decision Making in Nursing Personal Ethics The American Nurses Association defines nursing as, â€Å"protection, promotion, and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations† (American Nurses Association, 2004, p.7). My personal nursing philosophyRead MoreCreating A Program Outcome For Baccalaureate Program1069 Words   |  5 Pagesfor a Baccalaureate program provides leadership to improve health care and advance the discipline through nursing education, scholarship, and services. Baccalaureate program provides nurses with an innovative education grounded in nursing and related science, humanities, and leadership. According to the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (2008), students in the Baccalaureate Nursing Program are better in inter-professional practice. Nurses who graduate from an accredited Baccalaureate program

Alcohol Use Among Adolescents Essay - 737 Words

This lecture deals with alcohol use (and abuse) among adolescents. Alcohol is an extremely important issue for teenagers. There have been many moments in my life during which I have been offered some form of alcohol, but turned it down. In order to avoid being exposed to alcohol and drunken (intoxicated) people, I do not attend parties- I doubt I will even after I turn twenty-one years old. Unfortunately, not too many underage people that I know abide by these rules, and I strongly doubt a high percentage of teenagers do . The lecture would tell of the many negative effects of alcohol, particularly on adolescents. I would also talk about the many misconceptions about the â€Å"positive† effects of alcohol, how alcohol is glamorized in the†¦show more content†¦Almost 40% of underage girls in a recent study reported having an alcoholic beverage, and â€Å"older age, poorer academic performance, greater levels of depression, higher perceived peer alcohol use, and highe r levels of maternal drinking were observed in the group of girls who ever drank and drank recently† (Fang, Schinke, Cole, 2009, p. 710). Not surprisingly, the same study also found that girls who were less depressed and happier with their appearance were less likely to drink. In addition, boys who drink lose some of their attention spans, and girls lose some of their visuospatial functioning (Squeglia, Spadoni, Infante, Myers, Tapert, 2009). Binge drinking among adolescents (also commonly called risky single-occasion drinking and heavy episodic drinking- that is, having at least five drinks during one occasion) has been shown to be associated with a variety of adverse consequences, such as low life satisfaction, depressive mood, poor academic performance, accidents and injuries, bullying and fights, and unprotected sexual intercourse. For this reason, there have been multiple prevention programs that are homogenously geared towards everybody, and thus loses individuality ( Kuntsche, Knibbe, Engels, Gmel, 2010). However, these prevention programs have proven somewhat effective in the United States- adolescent students in the state of Washington are less than half as likely to drink as those in Victoria, Australia (Toumbourou, Hemphill, McMorris, Catalano, Show MoreRelatedAlcohol Use Initiation Among Adolescents2777 Words   |  12 Pagesreview examines alcohol use initiation among adolescents through the constructs of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The review consists of 23 peer-reviewed sources. TPB was applicable to 18 sources, 4 did not fall within the constructs of TPB and 1 source was used solely to understand the public health context of this behavior. Sources were located through PubMed, Academic Search Complete, PsycINFO and Scopus databases. The following combination of search terms were used: â€Å"alcohol use initiation adolescentRead MoreShort Screening Tool Used For Evaluate Alcohol And Drug Use Among Adolescents1660 Words   |   7 Pagesscreening tool used to evaluate alcohol and drug use among adolescents and to help determine need for a more thorough assessment. *Can be self-administered and/or used in interview with patient *Part A has 13 questions that pertain to drug use history. *Part B has 14 questions that cover alcohol and drug use. *This tool is a combined revision of two other scales: the Adolescent Alcohol Involvement Scale (AAIS) by (Mayer Filstead, 1979, Moberg, 1983) and the Adolescent Drug Involvement Scale (ADIS)Read MoreFactors Influencing Alcohol Influence1417 Words   |  6 Pagesthat Influence Adolescent Alcohol Use Research This paper describes how one research team uses a cross-sectional survey data linked to national-level indicators on alcohol control policies and adult drinking patterns while measures of self-reported adolescent’s weekly drinking and life-time drunkenness. This data was analyzed using multi-level logistic regression models. The surveys that were tested showed that through comparing data cross-nationally, high levels of adult alcohol consumption andRead More Effects of Underage Drinking on Society Essay1100 Words   |  5 Pagessuch a person from consuming alcohol. Alcohol happens to be the most commonly abused drug not only among the youth but also among adults. This paper explores underage drinking, its effects on the society and outlines what can be done to curb it. Young people are considered to constitute the largest number of alcohol consumers and they account for a large portion of alcohol sales. This is despite the strict drinking laws that govern many countries as regards alcohol purchase and consumption. UnderageRead MoreAlcohol Consumption By Underage Drinkers1645 Words   |  7 Pagesmentally. Many adolescents begin to experience and experiment with different substances at this stage. Drinking is seen as part of risk taking and sometimes even societal acceptance from peers. The media, and influence from family and peers can make alcohol seem attractive, relaxing, and fun when in reality the negative consequences that entail are much deeper than what’s displayed on the surface. This paper will discuss in depth the issue of alcohol and the impact it has on adolescents. Alcohol consumptionRead MoreSubstance Abuse Among Adolescents And Their Smoking Behaviors948 Words   |  4 Pages Substance abuse among adolescents has become more common in the United States and the root of the problem is aimed towards blaming parental influence. The article, Adolescents’ perceptions of Parental; Influence on Their Smoking Behavior: A Content Analysis is mainly about a study that consisted of interviewing 35 adolescents ranging from the ages of 14 and 18 to find out if and how their parents influenced their personal smoking behaviors (Maggi et al. 2014). The interviews were recordedRead MoreParental Supervision and Adolescent Drinking Behavior1591 Words   |  7 PagesI. Hypothesis. The purpose of this research is to find out if parental supervision has an influence in adolescents’ drinking behavior. II. Literature Review. Research suggests that parents play an important role in the lives of children. Some of these parents have a negative or positive influence on the lives of the children. Shin, Edwards, Heeren, Amodeo (2009) stated that in the United Stated nearly 3.3 million referrals were made to state and local child protective servicesRead MoreAdolescent Drug Abuse And Alcohol1426 Words   |  6 PagesHEAD: Alcohol and Drug Abuse Adolescent Drug Abuse and Alcohol Nyria Madison Liberty University Coun 620 Abstract Around the world we are finding that most adolescent are experiencing drugs and alcohol. This has been a huge issue for years. This has become a trend in society as of today. This paper will discuss the perspective of adolescent alcohol and drugs. This paper will also identify and inform you on the common predictors of adolescent substanceRead MoreDepression Is Predictive Of Substance Abuse Outcomes788 Words   |  4 Pagessuggested early onset of depressive disorders predicted multiple substance use outcomes, including frequent alcohol use, and frequent daily smoking from a sample of 1545 adolescent twins assessed at baseline age 14, and then again at age 17.5. Moreover, depression was found to be a risk factor for smoking in females but not males. Fleming et al. 2008 also suggested that depressive symptoms were more strongly associated with substance use in females than males. Therefore, there are known sex differences inRead MoreThe Psychological Effects Of Adolescent Substance Abuse1469 Words   |  6 PagesAdolescent substance abuse is one of the largest issues faced by our society today. According to Teenrehab.com, nearly 50% of all high school seniors have abused some form of illicit substance and according to National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism nearly 70% of 18 year olds have at the least tried alcohol. Many more adolescents are trying, and getting addicted to, drugs every year. In my opinion this is one of the most critical issues that we have to address as a society. Summary Response:

CSR Activities of PepsiCo Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Questions: 1.Clearly Explain the various Concepts of CR and their Potential Impact on Organisations.2.Identify Opportunities for value-adding CR within Established Organisation; 3.Clearly and appropriately Communicate in both oral and Written Forms. Answers: 1.Business Overview/Description PepsiCo has been labeled as the most successful beverage and snack Food Company in the world. It started out in the year 1965 and since then such has been its growth that in the present scenario it is available around 200 countries. It strives hard in creating diversified food and beverage products manufactured to pacify the taste of their consumers. This is an American multinational beverage corporation having its headquarters in New York. Some of its best known brands are Pepsi-Cola, Diet Pepsi, Frito-Lays products, Ruffles potato chips, Lays potato chips and Rold Gold pretzels. PepsiCo expanded more with the acquisition of Tropicana in the year 1998 and merging with Quaker Oats in 2001. Everyday the tastes and preferences of the consumers are changing to which the organizations need to adapt themselves (Lee, et al. 2013). PepsiCo management has been great in innovating successfully the quality of gaining insights in the ways the consumers behave. Their diversified portfolio of the beverage brands and the complimentary food segment helps them in attaining the required insights into the trends of consumers and their behaviors. They have been best in evaluating the driving factor of millions of consumers and have made use of this data for better considerate of the ways consumers make certain buying decisions about the things they want to buy. The food business of PepsiCo consisting of Frito-Lay and Quaker Foods produced around 54 per cent of the last years net revenues. Its sales in the division of snacks has shown an increase of around CAGR 3.5 per cent in the period of last three years, though sales for the drinks division have dropped down to CAGR 3.2 per cent (Batchelor et al. 2013). Drink section like the carbonated soft drinks and juices have in recent times fallen out of favor as customers have shown more inclination towards health conscious products for reasons like high level of sugar and preservatives in these drinks. The thing that has been working for PepsiCo is the strong demand for snacks and the company has been a dominant player in this segment. As per Andersen, Nielsen and Hvring (2017), competitively it has been at war with Coca Cola for a longer period of time through one way or the other, the latest being through their CSR policies. It has been in them to outwit the other by any means, something that h as benefitted the society immensely as their competition has led to them doing more good to the society for attracting more customers towards them. 2.CR Program Overview It is essential to create a balanced relationship between the people and the food taking into account the environmental protection and other sustainable ways of manufacturing more food. PepsiCo believes in Performance with Purpose connecting its business with the community and the global stage surrounding it. CSR Programs and Policies: Charity Committee: The charity committee of the organization is a cross functional one meeting monthly in considering the requests for sponsorship for funds or products that is to be billed from the monthly budget. Helping Hand Program: PepsiCo has been able to activate a Program of Helping Hand offering focused support to certain selected members of the Non Governmental organizations constructing regular support to the groups. Certain voluntary activity that occurs includes: -Junior Achievement: PepsiCos voluntary program facilitates their people in participating in actions like partnerships with the Junior Achievement assisting in provision of business knowledge to schools. -Challenge Science: Volunteers have been teaching science based program to the secondary students of first year from the schools in the city. Replenishing Water: PepsiCo has been striving hard in pioneering certain key initiatives to reload water in various communities. PepsiCos goal has been to preserve, refill and offset the water used in their process of manufacturing through the projects of community water recharge and other water management projects in agriculture. In certain parts of the world like India, Australia they have been able to give back more water than they actually frenzied through different proposal of reusing and replenishing water (Berg and Sheehan 2014). PepsiCo Solid Waste Management Program: In India, PepsiCo have started to reinforce the initiatives in Solid Waste Management, partnering with an environmental NGO by the name of Exnora (Sharma, Dhanwantri and Mehta 2014). This is the award winning and income spawning partnership to offer clean environment to around 46000 people. Through this initiative of PepsiCo it has been able to offer people within the community a clear environment and have been educating them on ways to recycle waste. This program has helped in recycling 97 per cent of the household compost, offering livelihood to more than 500 members within the community. In 2006, PepsiCo-Exnora proposal in Pammal received the Golden Peacock award for the innovation it displayed through this partnership. This takes into account the ethical theory that focuses on the ethical necessities strengthening the relationship between society and business based on the principle that the correct thing needs to be done for attaining good society (Lee et al. 2015). 3. Responsible Value Creation Discussion and Evaluation Through this various initiatives of PepsiCo it has been creating enough value for itself in the society. For instance, through the waste management program of its, it has been able to manage the solid waste domestically in a manner that is environment friendly in nature. PepsiCo has been conducting several door-to-door campaigns and street plays for motivating the people in segregating the organic and the inorganic garbage at font (Mehta 2016). The organic waste is being modified into manure using the vermin-culture and in case of the inorganic waste it is being sorted out for the purpose of recycling. This innovative project has been beneficial in promoting the sanitary surroundings along with the other prospects for the micro-enterprises like PET bottle, tetra pack recycling and waste paper. Its water conservation helped in reducing the water debt for attaining positive water balance across all the beverage manufacturing plant to revalue waster as the supply through complete association for conserving and optimizing the usage of water within the process of manufacturing. Last two years has witnessed PepsiCo saving over 2 billion liters of water. As per Edjabou et al. (2015), it has also implemented the methods of harvesting rain water for maintaining and strengthening the water reserves in the adjacent areas. It has also focused on inflicting a balancing equation with having reduced the debit side of water it should now focus its attention on earning the credits for attaining Positive Balance of Water. The company made sure of harvesting formation wherever practicable with initiatives being taken to build community water projects and widespread programs in management partnering TERI (The Energy Resource Institute) in conditions that are challenging in nature. PepsiCo has also been investing heavily through its PepsiCo Foundation with the belief of positive community change can only happen with strong partnerships. The PepsiCo Foundation works well with some of the significant partners in matters related to school wellbeing and wellness pitch. Its $1.25 million Foundation grant enlarging valuable relationships of Quaker and Frito Lays establishing GENYOUth Foundation. PepsiCo School is mostly for focusing on the development of endowed and competent human resources, a voluntary corporate accountability that cropped up from the idea and wish of the employees of PepsiCo. PepsiCo has been fighting hard to give back something to the society and much of their success depends on the well-being of their consumers. This is the reason why PepsiCo is working hard in establishing a healthier lifestyle customary. PepsiCo has been driving innovation through their proceedings, systems and progression to restrict their costs and the impact of environment like effective use of energy, solid treatment of waste, recycling and packaging materials (Lopatta, Buchholz and Kaspereit 2016). Their self-commitment towards the environment is immense. Conclusion: This report took into account certain CSR activities of PepsiCo, a company that has a loyal customer base and global existence. It has taken the initiative of contributing towards a good environment and society. It is PepsiCos main agenda to act as responsible corporate citizens as part of the obligation towards the society and the right way to proceed with their business. Their main belief has been to admiration the societies in which they activate. The company has been striving hard in meeting the needs of the society and the expectation that exists within their partners. Third parties have always recognized the corporate responsibility policies through the awards and other recognition like HR Excellence awards, Corporate Responsibility Index and Best Workplaces. Reference: Andersen, S.E., Nielsen, A.E. and Hvring, C.M., 2017. Communicative Dilemmas of CSR: Towards an Integrative Framework of CSR Communication. InHandbook of Integrated CSR Communication(pp. 51-69). Springer International Publishing. Batchelor, C., Reddy, V.R., Linstead, C., Dhar, M., Roy, S. and May, R., 2014. Do water-saving technologies improve environmental flows?.Journal of Hydrology,518, pp.140-149. Berg, K.T. and Sheehan, K.B., 2014. Social media as a CSR communication channel: The current state of practice. Edjabou, M.E., Jensen, M.B., Gtze, R., Pivnenko, K., Petersen, C., Scheutz, C. and Astrup, T.F., 2015. Municipal solid waste composition: Sampling methodology, statistical analyses, and case study evaluation.Waste Management,36, pp.12-23. Lee, E.M., Park, S.Y. and Lee, H.J., 2013. Employee perception of CSR activities: Its antecedents and consequences.Journal of business research,66(10), pp.1716-1724. Lee, G., Cho, S.Y., Arthurs, J.D. and Lee, E.K., 2015, January. Keeping up the Fame: Celebrity CEOs' Engagement in Earnings Management and CSR activities. InAcademy of Management Proceedings(Vol. 2015, No. 1, p. 14117). Academy of Management. Lopatta, K., Buchholz, F. and Kaspereit, T., 2016. Asymmetric information and corporate social responsibility.Business Society,55(3), pp.458-488. Mehta, S., 2016. Does CSR Really Build Brands?.IBMRD's Journal of Management Research,5(1), pp.7-12. Sharma, P., Dhanwantri, K. and Mehta, S., 2014. Solid Waste Management.

Services and Duties of Student free essay sample

Guide students to abide by civilized behavior and appearance adequate and appropriate systems and traditions of the university through field-based guidance on the basis of openness to the students. Providing the necessary service during the period Of examinations, in order to help students, and relieve stress on them, and provide guidance to them. Follow-up disciplinary procedures and their application in accordance with regulations adopted by the rules of the University. Student services (A) Academic services 1- Student help desk The Student Help Desk is a planned program aiming at helping the students to achieve the psychological harmony and adjustment to the University environment and to attain progress in their studies. The Department of Student Affairs offers many services to the students through the Student Help Desk such as, formulating guidance plan, a-group of the University advisers to answer the several enquiries of the student about the Arab Open University and its different programs. We will write a custom essay sample on Services and Duties of Student or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Student Help Desk converts some of the telephone calls to the tutors or the academic professors concerned or the coordinators of the open programs. Also, supervises the students during their presence whether inside the computer labs or the halls designed for other learning resources. 2- Student guiding and Orientation Day This program regulates at the beginning of the academic year where new students meet the faculty and administrative members in the university.

Calligraphy Essay Analysis Essay Example

Calligraphy Essay Analysis Paper Before the reaching of Islam, the usage of authorship was really minimum in Arab World. The cognition of literature and poesy was spread from oral cavity to talk. This pattern may ensue in the Arab universe capableness of developing such a complicated yet poetic linguistic communication today. However, when Islam arrived, there was a significance alteration in the manner people communicated. The faith trusters ( i.e. the Muslims ) tried to happen a manner to enter the instructions from the Koran. Alternatively of utilizing verbal communicating which may ensue in people unconsciously changed the content of the Koran, or worse, altered it, they used composing in books and humanistic disciplines to enter the inside informations of the Koran. Therefore, although the pattern of authorship was one time non significant for people to pass on, the pattern became an built-in procedure in distributing the instructions of Islam afterwards. Subsequently, the usage of composing to continue the Kor an poetries and instructions was continuously developed by the Muslims and subsequently, became a ocular art of highest order[ I ]. This development, so, enabled people who have ne’er involved or express themselves in art, could make so via penmanship. From so onwards, the Islamic penmanship could be seen, either sacredly or artistically, on edifices like mosques, graves or epitaphs and as ornaments on armouries, coins, and glass wares. Islamic penmanship has since possessed many intents from the medium to distribute Koran instructions to high terminal prowess works. The Islamic penmanship shows many artistic points of positions. For illustration, the lines have to be sinuate and unit of ammunition in signifier and elegant in the motions of the shots that they must give the feeling of being alive to the people who look at the Hagiographas[ two ]. Not merely in music and poesy that they have to hold beat, Islamic penmanship does every bit good. The lines formed must travel wit h grace and beat, and each shots and curves balances itself in perfect poise. Consequently, it is undeniable that the Islamic penmanship is the greatest artistic accomplishment in Islamic civilization[ three ]. Development Of Islamic Calligraphy Theology Religion Essay Development Of Islamic Calligraphy Theology Religion Essay Development Of Islamic Calligraphy Theology Religion Essay The earliest manner of composing for the copying of the Koran was the Kufic until tenth century A.D. The Kufic has been modified into many signifiers and fluctuations for the copying of the Koran. It was so continued until the twelfth century A.D. and after which was superceded by some other manners like the Naskh. Calligraphy Essay Sample The Kufic Style Kufic was named after the town Kufa, where this manner of composing first got an official position. This official acknowledgment gave the exclusivity for this manner to be used in composing the Koran. We will write a custom essay sample on Calligraphy Essay Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Calligraphy Essay Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Calligraphy Essay Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Kufic is bold angular and olympian. This manner, it is easy to acknowledge this form by detecting the use of big horizontal and short perpendicular lines. The horizontal lines are normally doubled in analogue, stressing both the horizontal format of the book and the book. Often, the extended horizontal portion of a individual word can take up a whole line in the Koran. In its crude formats, the kufic manner does non include diacritical Markss that may do inaccurate readings among the readers, nevertheless, in later development, the kufic manner was so incorporated with Markss to separate characters. As stated before, there are many signifiers and fluctuations of Kufic manner. The first 1 is foliated kufic. In this manner, the verticals terminate in half palmetto[ four ], and the concluding letters in each word is elongated vertically stoping in a palmetto on ramifying into foliages. The leafing is farther emphasized by environing the book with an fretted form of foliages ( Fig. 1 ) . There is besides a similar type of kufic called the Floriated kufic with lone little differences ( Fig. 2 ) . Fig. 1 Foliated Kufic manner Fig.2 a frieze with Floriated Kufic lettering of a Koran poetry Another type of kufic is the plaited kufic, which is more popular for cosmetic intents. In this manner, the perpendicular parts of the letters were plaited into intricate knots ( Fig. 3 ) . This type of kufic is normally used architectural ornament although non restricted to that map, it is besides seen in many fabrics and rugs. This kufic is more legible compared to the other signifiers even on the most complicated braids. One more fluctuation to the kufic manner authorship is the set kufic ( figure 4 ) . This is possibly the hardest kufic manner to be read. This manner is normally manipulated and exaggerated in ways to suit for ornamentation intents. The set kufic can be seen in about every interior design of mosques or other spiritual edifices, which letterings are normally poetries of the Koran. Fig 3. Plaited/Knotted Kufic manner Fig 4. A Bent Kufic manner decoration at a wall of a mosque Although there are many types of kufic during the first two centuries of Hijra epoch, yet the development of kufic into any cosmetic signifier was minimum. The manner used to compose the Koran was in simple kufic ( Fig. 5 ) . However, as the clip went on, some Arabic improved the kufic manner and do it more cosmetic by integrating diacritical points and marks ( Fig. 6 ) . For composing wise, the kufic itself differs from the others. The uniqueness prevarications on how kufic possesses a typical dimensional relationship between the perpendicular and horizontal parts. Hence, for the cosmetic elements to the kufic manner, the calligraphist may add foliage, cringle, or any other geometrical figures to the letters, and the horizontal lines so fall in each missive to organize a sentence. Subsequently, the kufic manner was developed into a really cosmetic manner that made it really hard to be used in scripting the Koran. Then the longhand, less angular, and less cosmetic manner was introduced and developed by calligrapher to replace kufic in composing the Koran. This manner is called the Naskh manner. Fig. 5 Kufic in Early Koran ( without diacritical Markss ) Fig.6 Kufic in the Koran with diacritical Markss The Naskh Style The naskh manner differs from its preceding, the kufic. Alternatively of being angular, this manner is more cursive and unit of ammunition. Its overall belongingss represent the cursive kufic softened to broader curves and freer expanses[ V ]( Fig. 7 ) . This manner, excessively, is more finished as it has incorporated all the elements that kufic manner possesses. It appeared that this manner has itself so easy cultivated as a cosmetic authorship, which makes the composing itself becomes art, contrast to the kufic where the authorship is ornamented to function the art intent. Naskh manner besides performs a general intent of Islamic penmanship that is to demo to readers the appeal contained in the shots and curves in hope of a cosmopolitan entreaty of the charming and gracious motions. Naskh characters were developed in many signifiers in many states. Its original birth topographic point was in Baghdad during the period of Abbasid calif[ six ], and was spread out to the full Islamic penmanship universe. Its earliest signifier can be seen in the word â€Å" Maghribe † ( Fig. 8 ) from the western portion of the universe and was drawn straight from the original authorship in kufic manner. The naskhy Maghribe authorship can be seen on memorials in Samarkand, Istanbul, and other parts of the western universe. There are besides other naskh manner penmanship in the eastern universe like in cardinal Asia, Arabia, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, and India. This eastern naskh manner has to it a wider proportion of circle perimeter with the slanting shots flung fleetly into the signifier of â€Å" Shikasta †[ seven ]( Fig. 9 ) . Interestingly, the developments in the many states subsequently produced many other naskh manners. Thulth, Riqa, Zulf-e-Aru ‘s, Gulzar, T’aus, Larza, and Manshur are the other types of naskh with more cosmetic and cosmetic touch. Fig. 7 Naskh manner Calligraphy Fig. 8 Maghreb poetry in naskh manner Fig. 9 Naskh manner calligraphy-Shikasta The Incorporation of Decorations Decorations are incorporated in the penmanship for many intents. The first 1 is to do the Hagiographas more cosmetic. By integrating decorations like seriphs, leaflike vegetal decorations, or some diacritical marks will do the Hagiographas more attractive and appealing towards the readers. In Thulth manner for illustration, which is another signifier of Naskh, the shots of the words take the signifier of sticker and curves are fluxing like H2O ( Fig. 10 ) . These decorations can be seen in memorials, graves, and etc. Decorations are besides evident in Riqa and Gulzar manners. The former shows a smooth fluxing shot like a serpent or watercourse while the latter nowadayss cosmetic lines that resemble flowers ( Fig. 11 ) and form of animate beings like Inachis io ( Fig. 12 ) . In add-on, there is one peculiar clever naskh manner of composing called the Tughra manner. This manner is technically uses the sentences from Koran and makes them into the forms of birds, Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams, and etc excepting the â€Å" un-clean † animate being like bird of Minerva or hog. Therefore, alternatively of composing the poetries of Koran in the formal manner like naskh or kufic, by decorating, the Hagiographas of poetries have something that draws people attending to it, although the Hagiographas may non be needfully be legible, this a good first measure to present the instructions of Islam to those who may fascinate to cognize more. The 2nd intent is to contrast the pious. The decorations that are incorporated in the Hagiographas are bulk in the stance to honour or heighten the Holy Koran. Although, there is no existent grounds on that statement, one can deduce from the representation of the poetries in the signifier of mosques, strong animate beings, and historical events. Below, we can see an Islamic Calligraphy of a mosque. In this representation, the poetry from the Koran is really good arranged to mime the existent construction of a mosque. This manner, the calligrapher somehow wants to remind people to regularly pray and â€Å" Tawaqal †[ eight ]in carry oning the Islamic beliefs. The message is clearly described in the image to remind the Muslims to honour the Koran instructions and refer to mosque as the holy topographic point to declaim. The representation besides appears in the signifier of strong/beautiful animate beings like king of beasts or Inachis io. â€Å" Bismillah † in penmanship. In add-on, the poetry of â€Å" Bismillah † below was really good calligraphed to organize a bird image. If people with no background of Islamic survey, go on to see this image, they may non understand what the significance behind this word is but they will perchance be drawn to it because of its artistic characteristic that is so appealing particularly with the aureate colour. â€Å" Bismillah † entirely means â€Å" in the name of God † , and normally completed in the poetic phrase â€Å" Bismillah ir-Rahman ir-Rahim † intending â€Å" In the name of God, most Gracious, most Compassionate. † â€Å" Bismillah † in penmanship. The phrase is believed to incorporate the true kernel of the full Koran[ nine ]. Therefore, by integrating beautiful or strong animate beings as decorations into the phrase conveys to the spectator of how meaningful and powerful the phrase is and how the calligrapher wants the spectator to ever retrieve the God of Grace and Compassion as written in the Holy Koran. Last but non least, the representation of historical events in Islamic history. One of most celebrated is the Noah ‘s[ x ]Ark ( Fig. 13 ) . The penmanship itself shows a combination of kufic and naskh manner where both manners blend into a beautiful representation of the Ark. Not merely that the supporter of the narrative is one of the five chief Prophetss in Islam, the narrative besides tells a moral towards the belief in Allah. In the narrative, it was told that Noah believes in God and did what God ask him to make, which was to construct an Ark while people around him mocked him of making the non sense ; neverthele ss, at the terminal of the twenty-four hours Noah was right and saved many people with his Ark. This narrative want to be emphasized by the calligrapher to remind people that every bit long as you believe in God, you will be safe no affair what people told you and in order to demo your religion you have to make what God has instructed you to make, which are stated in the Holy Koran. Fig. 10 Thulth manner penmanship Fig. 11 Riqa manner penmanship Fig. 12 Gulzar manner penmanship In decision, although there are many manners developed, the major manners are still the kufic and the naskh which have the belongings of angular, bold, and cursive, round severally. Ornamentation is latter developed from both manners and present artistic point of position and conveys some messages which are intended to honour and heighten the Holy Koran.

Behind “Sympathy” by Paul Laurence Dunbar Essays

Behind â€Å"Sympathy† by Paul Laurence Dunbar Essays Behind â€Å"Sympathy† by Paul Laurence Dunbar Paper Behind â€Å"Sympathy† by Paul Laurence Dunbar Paper Essay Topic: I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings In the 1890s Paul Laurence Dunbar composed a literary work named Sympathy where the speaker’s attention is on a cage bird. This poem perhaps was the result of Dunbar’s after high school experience operating an elevator cage. That was the only job he could find because he was denied positions in business and journalism because of his race (African-American). And by this literary work it can be inferred that he felt trapped at this job, because of his race and the time period.He also compares throughout the poem himself to the caged bird that does not have the freedom to enjoy the nature and to fly like all other birds (white people) at that time. Dunbar uses imagery and symbolism to establish the mood of the story in the poem. Dunbar at the beginning of the poem says When the sun is bright on the upland slope (2), giving the wonderful and peaceful fragmented image of a shining sun on the top of a mountain. He gives the sensation of freedom to the reader, even though the author does not feel free.During the work he also says when the wind stirs soft through the springing grass giving images to show the reader what is like to be in a bird cage (discriminated). Dunbar’s use of great descriptive words gives the reader the sensation of the reader looking at the bird in the cage, being held and bleeding. And it makes the reader feel like the bird (Dunbar) is desperate to get out. The author was held back from a lot of things, counting furthering his career for the reason of the racial outlining during the civil war. He knows what the caged bird feels (1), because he was also detained back.In the last stanza, Dunbar goes on to state about the bird singing, and wanting to get out of this cage immediately and that he sends [a prayer] from his heart’s deep core(19). This symbolizes the Dunbar’s deep need to escape into something further than what he actually is, an isolated poet working at a hotel room. The mood of the work was established by the imagery and the symbolism throughout the poem. In the first stanza, Dunbar starts off with the peaceful image of a green, beautiful and bright landscape. Then he twitches the story a bit by going from a peaceful feeling to a trapped and agonizing one.Dunbar knows why the caged bird beats his wing/ till his blood is red on the cruel bars (8-9), he lived it his own way by the oppression to African-American people in the civil war, he kind of tried to escape the same way. I know why the caged bird sings, ah me, labeling for the reader how the bird really feels after describing everything around him and why he beats his wings to get out of the cage. Dunbar excellent use of imagery and symbolism persuades the reader to get engaged with the story of the poem. And Dunbar’s life experiences gave him the inspiration to come up with the mood of the poem.

The case of christ Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The case of christ - Essay Example From this movement has come the Christian apologetics who, according to The Christian Apologetics & Research Ministry, are a group of people that â€Å"use logic and evidence to defend Christianity and promote the truth of the Bible†(Slick, 2011). Perhaps one of the most influential books from the Christian Apologetics movement is The Case for Christ which proposes a myriad of evidence that supports the existence of Jesus Christ as the Son of God. Lee Stobel and Jane Vogel, authors of the Student Version of The Case for Christ, provide a summary of who Jesus Christ was. At the very core of the argument is that Jesus was the Messiah and the Son of God (Strobel and Vogel, 23). His role on Earth was to save the sinners which was accomplished by sacrificing himself and dying on the cross for everyone’s sins. One of the important aspects of this that the authors take on is the fact that Jesus did not explicitly state that he was God: â€Å"Some of Jesus’ statements a s they are recorded in the Bible don’t seem to be clear claims that Jesus is God†(Strobel and Vogel, 23). However, Strobel provides several scriptures that support the claim that Jesus believed he was God and through conversations with disciples, followers, and others stated as much. Some of the evidence included Matthew 16: 15-17 where Jesus asks Peter who he (Peter) thinks Jesus is and Peter replies â€Å"You’re the Christ, the Messiah, the Son of the Living God†(Strobel and Vogel, 23). Strobel present very convincing evidence that Jesus was in fact the Messiah by way of presenting Isaiah 53 which is in essence a prophecy of who the Messiah would be. Strobel claims that Jesus matched the prophecy and that many of these aspects could not be manipulated by Jesus in order to make them match such as birthplace, family, the betrayal by Judas Iscariot, and the guards that gambled over Jesus’ clothes when he was dying on the cross(Strobel and Vogel, 44-4 6). Since Isaiah 53 was written hundreds of years before Jesus was born, the argument that Jesus was indeed the Messiah is extremely convincing. The next step in presenting the case for Christ is to delve into the reliability of the Gospels which are the books of the Bible that detail Jesus Christ and his life. Strobel presents evidence that indicates that these books are quite reliable. The biggest piece of evidence is the differences between Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. Although many people would say these contradictions make the books less reliable, Strobel disagrees stating that â€Å"the idea is that if the writers were lying, they’d make sure to get their stories straight—and they’d agree in every detail. What seems to be a contradiction is often the same event viewed from different perspectives†(Strobel and Vogel, 54). Additionally, Strobel brings up an interesting point about the timeline of Christ’s death and the teachings of Paul. Accor ding to Strobel, the timeline suggests that Paul came to learn about Christ dying on the cross for the world’s sins and his resurrection within 2-5 years of it occurring. Strobel makes the argument that the fact Christianity was already teaching this aspect about Christ suggests that â€Å"that’s far too fast for legend to have developed and wiped out a core of historical truth†(Strobel and Vogel, 60). This is compelling evidence since it is widely thought that the time